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{{US state |
Name = Alabama |
Fullname = State of Alabama |
Flag = Alabama state flag.png |
Seal = Alabamastateseal.png |
Map = Map_of_USA_highlighting_Alabama.png |
Nickname = Camellia State, The Heart of Dixie¹, Yellowhammer State |
Capital = Montgomery |
OfficialLang = English |
LargestCity = Birmingham |
Governor = Robert Riley |
PostalAbbreviation = AL |
AreaRank = 30^th |
TotalArea = 135,765 |
LandArea = 131,426 |
WaterArea = 4,338 |
PCWater = 3.20 |
PopRank = 23^rd |
2000Pop = 4,447,100 |
DensityRank = 26^th |
2000Density = 33.84 |
AdmittanceOrder = 22^nd |
AdmittanceDate = December 14, 1819 |
TimeZone = Central: UTC-6/DST-5 |
Latitude = 30°13'N to 35°N |
Longitude = 84°51'W to 88°28'W |
Width = 306 |
Length = 531 |
HighestElev = 734 |
MeanElev = 152 |
LowestElev = 0 |
ISOCode = US-AL |
Website = alabama.gov
}}

{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; width:300px; margin:0 0 1em 1em;"
|State motto:||We Dare Defend Our Rights
|-
|State bird:||Yellowhammer
|-
|State capital:||Montgomery
|-
|State flower:||Camellia
|-
|State song:||"Alabama"
|-
|State tree:||Southern Pine
|-
|State spirit:||Conecuh Ridge Fine Alabama Whiskey
|}

Alabama is a state located in the southern United States; the population of Alabama is 4,447,100 as of 2000.

The USS Alabama and CSS Alabama were named in honor of this state.

History

Main article: History of Alabama

Among Native American people once living in present Alabama were Alabama (Alibamu), Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Koasati, and Mobile.

Alabama was once a region claimed by the Spaniards as part of Florida. The English also claimed it as part of the province of Carolina. Nevertheless, when the French took over Louisiana they also took over the territory including Alabama. Later when the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase and the Mississippi Territory, there was much controversy as to whether or not Alabama was included. Nevertheless, Alabama became the 22nd state in 1819.

The state of Alabama seceded from the Union and became a Confederate state on January 11, 1861. While not many battles were fought in the state, it contributed about 120,000 soldiers to the Civil War. After the war a provisional government was set up in 1865 and Alabama was readmitted to the Union in June 1868.

Law and government

Main article: Law and Government of Alabama

The current governor of the state is Bob Riley and the two U.S. senators are Jefferson B. Sessions III and Richard C. Shelby (all three from the Republican Party). The current Alabama Constitution was adopted in 1901.

Geography

Main article: Geography of Alabama

National-atlas-alabama.PNG
Alabama is the 30^th largest state in the United States with 135,765 km² (52,419 mi²) of total area. 3.2% of that is water, making Alabama 23^rd in the amount of surface water. About three-fifths of the land area is a gentle plain with a general incline towards the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico. Alabama generally ranges in elevation from sea level at Mobile Bay, to a little more than 1800 feet or 550 meters near the Georgia state line. The highest point is Mount Cheaha.

Economy

The 1999 total gross state product was $115 billion placing Alabama 25^th in the nation. The Per Capita Income for the state was $23,471 in 2000. Alabama's agricultural outputs are poultry and eggs, cattle, nursery stock, peanuts, cotton, vegetables, milk, and soybeans. Its industrial outputs are paper, lumber and wood products, mining, rubber and plastic products, transportation equipment and apparel.

Demographics

As of 2003, Alabama had a total population of 4,500,752.

- 70.3% are White
- 26% are Black
- 1.7% are Hispanic
- 0.7% are Asian
- 0.5% are American Indian
- 1% are mixed race

The five largest ancestry groups according to the 2000 census are: African American (26%), American (17%), English (7.8%), Irish (7.7%), German (5.7%).

Religiously, Alabama is overwhelmingly Protestant. The religious affiliations of the people of Alabama are as follows:

- Protestant – 88%
- Roman Catholic – 5%
- Other Christian – 1%
- Other Religions – 0%
- Non-Religious – 4%

The three largest Protestant denominations in Alabama are: Baptist (51% of the total state population), Methodist (10%), Churches of Christ (3%).

Important cities and towns

Main article: List of cities in Alabama
{|
|-
| valign="top" |
- Birmingham
-- Hoover
-- Bessemer
-- Homewood
-- Vestavia Hills
-- Center Point
-- Alabaster
-- Mountain Brook
-- Hueytown
-- Pelham
-- Trussville
-- Fairfield
-- Gardendale
-- Forestdale
-- Helena

- Mobile
-- Prichard
-- Tillmans Corner
-- Saraland

- Huntsville
-- Madison

- Montgomery

- Tuscaloosa
-- Northport

- Columbus, Georgia
-- Phenix City
-- Smiths Station
| valign="top" |
- Anniston
-- Jacksonville
-- Oxford
-- Saks
- Florence
-- Muscle Shoals
- Gadsden
- Dothan
- Auburn
-- Opelika
- Decatur
- Enterprise
-- Ozark
- Daphne
-- Fairhope
- Prattville
-- Millbrook
- Albertville
- Selma
- Valley
-- Lanett
- Athens
- Cullman
- Talladega
- Sylacauga
- Jasper
- Tuskegee
- Troy
- Leeds
- Hartselle
- Scottsboro
- Alexander City
- Eufaula
- Fort Payne
|}

Colleges and Universities (incomplete)

{|
|-
| valign="top" |
- Air University
- Alabama A&M University
- Alabama State University
- Athens State University
- Auburn University
- Auburn University at Montgomery
- Birmingham-Southern College
- Concordia College-Selma
- Faulkner University
- Huntingdon College
- Jacksonville State University
- Judson College
- Miles College
- Oakwood College
- Samford University
- Southeastern Bible College
| valign="top" |
- Southern Christian University
- Spring Hill College
- Stillman College
- Talladega College
- Troy University called Troy State University pre-2005
- Tuskegee University
- United States Sports Academy
- University of Alabama System
-- (*****)
-- Birmingham
-- Huntsville
- University of Mobile
- University of Montevallo
- University of North Alabama
- University of South Alabama
- University of West Alabama
|}

Culture and interests

- Famous Alabamians
- Music of Alabama
- Alabama Public Television, state wide public TV network
- List of television stations in Alabama
- Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail
- Alabama Shakespeare Festival

Notes

¹ The phrase The Heart of Dixie is required by state law to be included on all state license plates.

Category:U.S. states

{{Alabama}}

{{United_States}}

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "alabama".